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Measure: RedundantAssetsAndInfrastructures
Description
Constructions of redundant infrastructures and assets along the whole water supply chain. Thus the failure of one component can, at least partially, be compensated by the respective redundant asset. The aim is to ensure a constant supply of water with adequate quantity, quality and pressure.
Comments
Redundant infrastructures could exist in the water extraction (wells, river extractions, reservoir extractions, spring water), water treatment infrastructures (filtration, adsorption, aeration, sedimentation, softening), water storage (tanks), water distribution (main pipes, distribution pipes, pressure boosting station) or similar infrastructures. Another kind of redundancy implementation that might make sense is the cooperation with other suppliers e.g. with neighbouring municipalities in supply networks.
Event source types
External attacker
Internal attacker
Human fault
Natural phenomena
External supplier
Interdependent CI
Event types
Destruction
Manipulation
Pollution
Risk reduction mechanism
Consequences
Threat Types
Cyber
Physical
Cyber-Physical
Action characteristics
Proactive
Measure types
Redundancy
Consequence Mitigation
Action and Crisis Management Plans and Training
event_ measures
Event-Measure: 98197
Event-Measure: 98228
Event-Measure: 98237
Event-Measure: 98270
Event-Measure: 98301
Event-Measure: 98379
Event-Measure: 98385
Event-Measure: 98420
Event-Measure: 98433
Event-Measure: 98492
Event-Measure: 98498
Event-Measure: 98538
Event-Measure: 98574
Event-Measure: 98618
Event-Measure: 98632
Event-Measure: 98687
Event-Measure: 98730
Event-Measure: 98755
Event-Measure: 98797
Event-Measure: 98827
Event-Measure: 98829
Event-Measure: 98897
Event-Measure: 98910
Event-Measure: 98938
Event-Measure: 98939
Event-Measure: 98951
Event-Measure: 98967
Event-Measure: 99063
Event-Measure: 99092
Event-Measure: 99094
Event-Measure: 99161
Event-Measure: 99162
Event-Measure: 99177
Event-Measure: 99194
Event-Measure: 99207
Event-Measure: 99234
Event-Measure: 99274
Event-Measure: 99346
Event-Measure: 99347
Event-Measure: 99388
Event-Measure: 99389
Event-Measure: 99422
Event-Measure: 99423
Event-Measure: 99462
Event-Measure: 99494
Event-Measure: 99526
Event-Measure: 99528
Event-Measure: 99602
Event-Measure: 99620
Event-Measure: 99645
Event-Measure: 99686
Event-Measure: 99687
Event-Measure: 99722
Event-Measure: 99793
Event-Measure: 99794
Event-Measure: 99834
Event-Measure: 99872
Event-Measure: 99886
Event-Measure: 99919
Event-Measure: 99958
Event-Measure: 99959
Event-Measure: 100032
Event-Measure: 100066
Event-Measure: 100067
Event-Measure: 100096
Event-Measure: 100139
Event-Measure: 100140
Event-Measure: 100175
Event-Measure: 100306
Event-Measure: 100325
Event-Measure: 100350
Event-Measure: 100386
Event-Measure: 100424
Event-Measure: 100464
Event-Measure: 100467
Event-Measure: 100491
Event-Measure: 100495
Event-Measure: 100501
Event-Measure: 100526
Event-Measure: 100569
Event-Measure: 100615
Event-Measure: 100640
Event-Measure: 100720
Event-Measure: 100765
Event-Measure: 100793
Event-Measure: 100917
Event-Measure: 100965
Event-Measure: 100971
Event-Measure: 101005
Event-Measure: 101032
Event-Measure: 101120
Event-Measure: 101154
Event-Measure: 101161
Event-Measure: 101175
Event-Measure: 101197
Event-Measure: 101239
Event-Measure: 101245
Event-Measure: 101253
Event-Measure: 101283
Event-Measure: 101301
Event-Measure: 101339
Event-Measure: 101376
Event-Measure: 101414
Event-Measure: 101459
Event-Measure: 101492
Event-Measure: 101497
Event-Measure: 101528
Event-Measure: 101564
Event-Measure: 101567
Event-Measure: 101596
Event-Measure: 101626
Event-Measure: 101671
Event-Measure: 101672
Event-Measure: 101713
Event-Measure: 101742
Event-Measure: 101786
Event-Measure: 101827
Event-Measure: 101861
Event-Measure: 101897
Event-Measure: 101911
Event-Measure: 101935
Event-Measure: 101936
Event-Measure: 101976
Event-Measure: 102015
Event-Measure: 102087
Event-Measure: 102089
Event-Measure: 102099
Event-Measure: 102128
Event-Measure: 102129
Event-Measure: 102135
Event-Measure: 102158
Event-Measure: 102159
Event-Measure: 102173
Event-Measure: 102238
Event-Measure: 102269
Event-Measure: 102307
Event-Measure: 102345
Event-Measure: 102346
Event-Measure: 102380
Event-Measure: 102397
Event-Measure: 102428
Event-Measure: 102429
Event-Measure: 102475
Event-Measure: 102489
Event-Measure: 102518
Event-Measure: 102561
Event-Measure: 102562
Event-Measure: 102636
Event-Measure: 102637
Event-Measure: 102650
Event-Measure: 102702
Event-Measure: 102703
Event-Measure: 102740
Event-Measure: 102780
Event-Measure: 102824
Event-Measure: 102860
Event-Measure: 102898
Event-Measure: 102899
Event-Measure: 102936
Event-Measure: 103052
Event-Measure: 103080
Event-Measure: 103081
Event-Measure: 103093
Event-Measure: 103187
Event-Measure: 103222
Event-Measure: 103258
Event-Measure: 103265
Event-Measure: 103297
Event-Measure: 103332
Event-Measure: 103336
Event-Measure: 103364
Event-Measure: 103408
Event-Measure: 103477
Event-Measure: 103491
Event-Measure: 103513
Event-Measure: 103534
Event-Measure: 103594
Event-Measure: 103596
Event-Measure: 103675
Event-Measure: 103706
Event-Measure: 103712
Event-Measure: 103752
Event-Measure: 103783
Event-Measure: 103786
Event-Measure: 103859
Event-Measure: 103869
Event-Measure: 103942
Event-Measure: 103977
Event-Measure: 103983
Event-Measure: 103992
Event-Measure: 104014
Event-Measure: 104055
Event Consequences
Quantity
Quality
Financial
Reputation
Asset types
Catchment Area
Drinking Water Network
Drinking Water Tanks
Pressure Boosting Station
Raw Water Bodies
Water Abstraction Points
Water Treatment Plants
Events
Basic Event 81 - Additive and/or disinfectant overdose from WTP staff error
Gate 142 - Chemical overdosing due to loss of WTP control
Basic Event 151 - External person physicaly manipulates tank quality sensor readings
Basic Event 66 - No back-up alternative for WTP dosing system PLC
Basic Event 200 - Incorrect execution or failure of software acquired from an external party crashes abstraction well control system
Basic Event 220 - External person physically destroys WTP process system
Basic Event 57 - Contamination source present around pipe
Basic Event 161 - External person adds substance to WTP stored additives
Gate 239 - Mislead PLC controlled WDN tank refill process
Basic Event 38 - External person adds substance at the topsoil of monitoring site
Gate 118 - Disinfectant composition altered
Basic Event 78 - Internal person adds substance to WTP coagulant storage tank
Basic Event 215 - Man-in-the-Middle attack manipulates WTP control signals
Basic Event 72 - External person induces biological substances to treated water tank
Gate 234 - Contamination of WDN tank
Basic Event 270 - Control center destroyed by accidental fire
Basic Event 68 - External person physically destroys WTP dosing system
Basic Event 280 - External person physically destroys WDN servers
Basic Event 39 - External person adds substance through monitoring well
Basic Event 222 - A valve is opened and floods equipment
Gate 143 - External contamination of WTP
Basic Event 49 - Internal person physically manipulates WTP sensor readings
Basic Event 240 - Upadate of OS causes false positive alarms from Event Detection System
Gate 117 - Staff or PLC controlled disinfection processes run on altered WTP data
Basic Event 276 - SQL injection to data used for demand prediction
Gate 219 - Staff controlled hydraulic processes run without WTP data
Basic Event 33 - Pesticide seepage to groundwater catchment
Basic Event 79 - Contaminated air from Industry reaches WTP and seeps into treated water
Basic Event 47 - Internal person physically destroys WTP sensors
Basic Event 163 - External person attacks surface water system management party e.g. water board
Basic Event 157 - Man-in-the-Middle attack manipulates WDN quality sensor readings
Basic Event 39 - External person adds substance through monitoring well
Basic Event 238 - External person in situ manipulates WDN tank transmission system
Basic Event 282 - Failure to regulate the temperature, humidity and air quality in environments where information systems are located
Gate 95 - Surface water contamination
Basic Event 14 - Heavy rain
Gate 186 - Quality verification process runs on altered WTP data
Basic Event 51 - Internal cyber manipulation of WTP sensor signal
Basic Event 33 - Pesticide seepage to groundwater catchment
Gate 119 - Insufficient disinfection process controlled by intruder
Basic Event 278 - Ransomware wipes out WDN control system files
Basic Event 37 - External person injects substance at sub-surface of monitoring site
Basic Event 188 - Internal person physically manipulates groundwater quality sensor readings
Basic Event 205 - External person physically destroys WTP sensors
Basic Event 29 - Sewer line overflow from blockage
Basic Event 151 - External person physicaly manipulates tank quality sensor readings
Basic Event 164 - External person physically destroys surface water system sensors
Basic Event 62 - Internal person silently takes over SCADA control
Basic Event 244 - External person physically destroys pumps
Basic Event 209 - External person physically manipulates WTP sensor readings
Basic Event 26 - Serious spill from Interdependent Industry CI from cyber-physical attack
Basic Event 219 - DoS attack to WTP process system PLC
Gate 189 - Additives composition altered
Basic Event 155 - External person physicaly manipulates abstraction point quality sensor readings
Basic Event 170 - External attacker manipulates surface water system transmission devices
Basic Event 264 - Malware alters PLC statements that control valve
Basic Event 44 - External person adds substance to WTP disinfectant storage tank
Basic Event 253 - External person in situ destroys PBS sensors
Basic Event 207 - External person destroys WTP transmission wires
Basic Event 32 - External person physically damages sewer line
Basic Event 225 - External person destroys WTP power transformer
Basic Event 260 - Internal person silently takes over PBS SCADA control
Basic Event 64 - Man-in-the-Middle attack manipulates WTP control signals
Basic Event 186 - Quality sensor transmission wires of observation wells manipulated
Basic Event 218 - Accidental errors by authorized user while maintaining information system
Basic Event 28 - Illegal disposal practices from interdependent Industry CI
Basic Event 195 - External person manipulates data transmission system of wells
Basic Event 27 - Serious spill from inderedependent Industry CI accident
Basic Event 191 - External person physically destroys data transmission system of wells
Basic Event 255 - Man-in-the-Middle attack manipulates local power transformer signals
Basic Event 211 - External attacker manipulates WTP transmission devices
Basic Event 52 - Restricted area authorization procedure failure
Basic Event 168 - External person physically manipulates surface water system sensor readings
Basic Event 262 - External person physically destroys valve
Basic Event 148 - PRESSURE DIFFICIENCY CONDITIONS
Basic Event 179 - Man-in-the-Middle attack manipulates reservoir control signals
Gate 116 - Chemical overdosing due to misled WTP operation
Basic Event 53 - Biological, chemical or radioactive substance injected to water tank
Basic Event 272 - WDN control center destroyed by intentional flood
Basic Event 197 - External person physically manipulates well sensor signal
Gate 193 - Surface water management system functions on altered data
Basic Event 55 - Biological, chemical or radioactive substance pumped through tap
Basic Event 159 - Incorrect execution or failure of software acquired from an external party crashes WTP control system
Basic Event 233 - External person damages WDN tank
Basic Event 69 - Internal person physically destroys WTP dosing system
Basic Event 75 - Chlorination disinfection process in WTP
Gate 177 - Staff or PLC controlled processes run on altered WTP data
Basic Event 152 - Man-in-the-Middle attack manipulates quality sensor signals
Basic Event 65 - DoS attack to dosing system PLC
Basic Event 199 - Internal person silently takes over abstraction well SCADA control
Basic Event 149 - Biological, chemical or radioactive substance injected through pipe
Basic Event 177 - External person breaks in to reservoir control area taking over SCADA
Basic Event 80 - External person induces chemical or radioactive substance to treated water tank
Gate 237 - Outflow valve of WDN tank closed
Basic Event 154 - External attacker destroyes absraction point quality sensors
Basic Event 37 - External person injects substance at sub-surface of monitoring site
Gate 113 - Lower efficiency of WTP disinfectant undetected
Basic Event 236 - Man-in-the-Middle attack manipulates WDN tank level sensor signals
Basic Event 77 - External person adds substance to WTP coagulant storage tank
Basic Event 214 - Undetected SCADA hijacking software takes control of WTP operation
Basic Event 71 - Contaminated floodwater mixed with treated water in WTP
Basic Event 42 - External person physically destroys WTP sensors
Basic Event 269 - External person physically destroys WDN pipes
Basic Event 67 - Natural phenomena destroy dosing system
Basic Event 201 - Malware performs DoS attack on abstraction well PLCs
Basic Event 279 - Malware corrupts prediction model database
Basic Event 38 - External person adds substance at the topsoil of monitoring site
Basic Event 221 - Internal person physically destroys WTP process system
Gate 122 - THM by-product formation in WTP
Basic Event 162 - Internal person adds substance to WTP stored additives
Basic Event 48 - External person physically manipulates WTP sensor readings
Gate 114 - Staff operate disinfection process without WTP data
Basic Event 275 - Malware alters WDN control statements
Basic Event 36 - Seepage of Interdependent Industry CI waste to groundwater catchment
Basic Event 216 - Incorrect execution or failure of software acquired from an external party crashes WTP control system
Basic Event 73 - High biological load from improperly maintained WTP storage tank
Gate 182 - Seepage of contaminated floodwater through monitoring wells
Basic Event 251 - External person in situ manipulates PBS transmission devices
Basic Event 156 - Man-in-the-Middle attack manipulates abstraction point quality sensors
Basic Event 237 - Malware alters PLC statements that control WDN tank refill
Gate 179 - Dosing system destroyed
Basic Event 281 - Incorrect execution or failure of software acquired from an external party crashes WDN control system
Basic Event 35 - Infiltration of contaminated floodwater to groundwater catchment
Gate 185 - Undetected contamination of WTP chemical solutions
Basic Event 50 - Man-in-the-Middle attack manipulates WTP sensor signal
Basic Event 36 - Seepage of Interdependent Industry CI waste to groundwater catchment
Basic Event 232 - External person physically interrupts WDN tank outflow
Gate 111 - Insufficient disinfection due to loss of WTP control
Basic Event 277 - Malware tampers network topology characteristics on prediction models (e.g. tank volume curve)
Gate 220 - Staff or PLC controlled hydraulic processes run on altered WTP data
Basic Event 34 - Nutrient pollution of groundwater catchment
Basic Event 187 - External person physically manipulates groundwater quality sensor readings
Basic Event 242 - External person destroys WDN power transformer
Basic Event 30 - Sewer line accidental break
Basic Event 171 - Human error in operating/using surface water management system
Basic Event 257 - Incorrect execution or failure of software acquired from an external party crashes PBS control system
Basic Event 61 - External person breaks in to WTP and takes over SCADA undetected
Basic Event 35 - Infiltration of contaminated floodwater to groundwater catchment
Basic Event 227 - Fake news about contamination in WTP using manipulated water company public communication
Gate 97 - Industrial activities and waste disposal failure
Basic Event 60 - Flood control measures failure near monitoring site
Basic Event 217 - Failure to regulate the temperature, humidity and air quality in environments where information systems are located
Gate 187 - Contamination of WTP chemical solutions
Gate 96 - Contamination from farming activities
Gate 123 - Contamination at WDN water tank
Basic Event 153 - External attacker manipulates WTP transmission devices
Basic Event 169 - Man-in-the-Middle attack manipulates surface water system sensor signal
Basic Event 41 - Disinfectant missdosage from WTP from operational staff error
Basic Event 189 - Man-in-the-Middle attack manipulates groundwater quality sensor signal
Basic Event 252 - Man-in-the-Middle attack manipulates WDN PBS sensor signals
Basic Event 31 - Combined sewer line overflow from flooding
Basic Event 224 - External person destroys data transmission system of WTP power transformers
Basic Event 152 - Man-in-the-Middle attack manipulates quality sensor signals
Basic Event 259 - External person physically damages PBS PLC
Basic Event 63 - Undetected SCADA hijacking software takes control of WTP operation
Basic Event 210 - Man-in-the-Middle attack manipulates WTP sensor signal
Basic Event 27 - Serious spill from inderedependent Industry CI accident
Basic Event 194 - External person manipulates transmission wires of wells
Basic Event 26 - Serious spill from Interdependent Industry CI from cyber-physical attack
Basic Event 265 - Man-in-the-Middle attack manipulates WDN valve sensor signals
Basic Event 45 - Internal person adds substance to WTP disinfectant storage tank
Basic Event 190 - External person physically destroys observation well sensors
Basic Event 254 - External person physically destroys PBS data transmission wires
Basic Event 167 - External person physically manipulates surface water system sensor readings
Basic Event 261 - Undetected SCADA hijacking software takes control of PBS operation
Basic Event 178 - Internal person silently takes over reservoir SCADA control
Basic Event 52 - Restricted area authorization procedure failure
Basic Event 271 - WDN Control center destroyed by accidental flood
Basic Event 196 - Man-in-the-Middle attack manipulates well sensor signal
Gate 182 - Seepage of contaminated floodwater through monitoring wells
Basic Event 28 - Illegal disposal practices from interdependent Industry CI
Basic Event 54 - Biological, chemical or radioactive substance pumped through hydrant
Basic Event 267 - Man-in-the-Middle attack manipulates WDN valve control signals
Gate 260 - WDN control system manipulated
Basic Event 192 - External person physically destroys data transmission wires of wells
Basic Event 250 - Malware alters PLC statements that control pump
Basic Event 202 - External person destroys abstraction wells
Basic Event 53 - Biological, chemical or radioactive substance injected to water tank
Basic Event 82 - Organic matter present in consumers drinking water pipes
Basic Event 180 - Incorrect execution or failure of software acquired from an external party crashes reservoir control system
Gate 176 - Staff controlled processes run without WTP data
Basic Event 70 - Natural phenomena alter reagent dosing system
Basic Event 198 - External person breaks in to well control area and takes over SCADA
Gate 97 - Industrial activities and waste disposal failure
Gate 146 - Free chlorine residual in WDN
Basic Event 56 - Wrong connection of drinking water pipes with non-potable water pipes
Basic Event 160 - Failure to regulate the temperature, humidity and air quality in environments where information systems are located
Basic Event 34 - Nutrient pollution of groundwater catchment
Gate 96 - Contamination from farming activities
Basic Event 235 - External person in situ manipulates WDN tank level sensor
Basic Event 76 - External person physically damages WTP coagulation system
Basic Event 213 - Internal person silently takes over WTP SCADA control
Specific Assets
Additives
Control Center
Control System
Dosing System
Drinking Water Pipes
Drinking Water Tanks
Drinking Water Taps
Fire Hydrants
Groundwater
Media Channels
Power Transformer
Pressure Boosting Station
Pump
Sensor
Server
Spring Water
Surface Water
Transferred Information
Transmission Devices
Valve
Water under treatment
Well
Measure ID
M30
Name
RedundantAssetsAndInfrastructures
Risk reduction mechanism
Consequences
Action characteristics
Proactive